Saturday, March 16, 2013

Growing Up Silent: Chapter Previews


 Growing Up Silent in the 1950s: Not All Tailsfins and Rock and Roll is now avaialable on Amazon.com. Check it out!
 
Growing Up Silent in the 1950s

…in his carefully dirtied white bucks, wearing a pair of chinos with the vestigial buckle on the back, and his shirt collar perfectly turned up.

Chapter One: In Our History Lies Our Voice

What kind of future did our parents dream of? Were they surprised thirty years later to find their own offspring—(us) would be viewed as similar in many ways to their own generation in its youth?

Chapter Two: The Youth of Our Parents

William Bartell, born in 1889 to a family who lived in houses rented to stone cutters, became the first student of Italian ancestry to enter the Curwensville school system where he was bullied by other students. 

Chapter Three: In Our Beginning

The Curwensville Golden Tide became the Western Pennsylvania Football Champions of 1936, an event still talked about even by those who couldn’t possibly remember it.

Chapter Four: Out of a World of Darkness

The best part of an evening’s sled riding was coming home and finding the remarkable aroma of baked potatoes being kept warm for hungry sledders and finding dry snow pants on the radiator for our next trip out.

Chapter Five: Into a World of Peace

By the time we were twelve years old most of us were frightfully self-conscious as we entered the river to swim or exited to dry in the sun. We were sure that all eyes were on us, judging us.

Chapter Six: Public Normalcy, Private Chaos, the 1950s

First Period: 1950-1952: In these early years of the 1950s the country still resembled the 1940s in many ways, Teenagers were not yet a subculture and we were barely distinguishable from our parents.

Second Period: 1953-1956: Americans had fastened onto the idea of “togetherness” to deny their loneliness as they reached for a sense of community which no longer existed.

Third Period: 1957-1959: Russia’s invasion of Hungary brought us to the brink of nuclear war, the incident at Little Rock brought us close to a division over race, Sputnik I terrified us, and the rigged quiz show with Charles Van Doren and the payola exposé of Alan Freed squashed our trust. 

Chapter Seven: Are You Perfect Yet

We knew we had to be well-mannered, attend to personal appearance, defer to adults, refrain from acknowledging or expressing differences, and do well in school. However, the most important thing in our lives was how we looked.

Chapter Eight: Blinded by the Media

I can’t remember a time that we didn’t have comic books. …Television changed the family dynamics by interrupting family personal encounters. … Much of what we learned about life was learned in the movies.

Chapter Nine: Rock Around the Clock 

We were careful to not share anything about ourselves with anyone else. We spoke to each other, but we didn’t really say anything of importance. We were secretive of our personal lives, to the point of not knowing we had one.

Chapter Ten: Shake, Rattle, and Roll

Cars  ruled our culture. Whether or not we had the use of our own or the family car, had a driver’s license, or simply were very willing to be passengers in whatever vehicle was going somewhere, we wanted to be in a car.

…………Regardless of size, high schools were judged by their game scores and season records, not their SATs.

…………Pep rallies for major games could be as thrilling as the game itself, particularly the one held the night before the end-of-season game between rivals.

… Above all activities, however, was the magic of the Curwensville Teen-Age Center. We viewed this place as our own, our birthright, our haven, and our social hub.

Chapter Eleven: The Dating Game

We girls never seemed to know where we stood with boys. Whether we were liked or not, how long the relationship might last, and how “far” we might go were only some of the questions that troubled us.

Chapter Twelve: Rituals, Customs, and Traditions

Among the best events in high school—parties included—were the special occasions that were unique to any graduating class. These were carefully planned affairs that held special and individual memories for each class member as well as collective remembrances that bonded teens together as a Class: selecting and ordering class rings followed months later by their arrival; holding class meetings, choosing class colors and a class flower.

Chapter Thirteen: Education and the Lost Sex

Everything about our lives was private or hidden, and most of us girls walked hunched over as we made our way through the school halls and to and from school, carrying our books tight against our chests, our glasses tucked away. Boys, of course, with nothing to hide and full of bravado, carried their books down at their sides.   

Chapter Fourteen: Reflections, Reunions, and Regrets

Remembrances are what we think, reflections what we reveal, and reunions often are the catalyst for the other two. Reunions are complicated to explain and tend to stir up feeling of regret, unexplainable even to ourselves. Perhaps this complexity is best summarized by Jim Marra, “How sweet and wonderful we all were… sharing such memories of the tender time we passed through together.”

 

Tuesday, January 1, 2013

What Are You Doing New Year's, New Year's Eve?


The signature event for our ninth grade group was a New Year’s Eve party held in the Wright family’s basement rumpus room which we futilely had tried to transform into a crepe-papered canopied dance floor. Despite the failed attempt at ambience, this turned out to be the night when our stumbling with dancing and fumbling with kissing games opened our eyes to a promising world.

 

“We had a wonderful time. …We worked all day decorating. We strung crepe paper across the ceiling and had signs on the wall and it looked beautiful. But that evening when we started dancing, we bumped into the streamers and they fell down. . . .”                                                       Scrapbook of the author

 

Thus, 1952 was ushered in by selected members of the freshman class and, like freshmen everywhere and in every decade, we believed we were the center of the universe

 

We were on the cusp of discovery that particular New Year’s Eve and this party became the event by which all other high school parties were measured. It also was the last time the unimpressed boys tore down the crepe paper before the end of the evening. After this party we seemed to realize that spin-the-bottle or post office or spotlight were just junior high excuses for necking, and the more interesting activity would be to put on a slow dance record so we could tentatively press our bodies together and go from there.

 

We could not have known that in coaxing the boys to dance we were only a handful of the 32 million people using long-play phonographs that New Year’s Eve. Soon dances and parties—and a portable record player—marked the greatest freedom all American youth would have when they no longer needed to depend on the family radio in hope of finding danceable music.[i]



[i] Halberstam, p. 473.

Monday, September 3, 2012

High School Yearbooks


High School Yearbooks
 

The social history of high school life is found in yearbooks and it is said that no matter what you do to escape your past or your identity, someone can find you in your yearbook. Even though information in some yearbooks is sketchy, we all return to the publication, seeking clues to what we think we remember, because information about what we were like back then helps make us understandable to each other now.


Yearbooks are important in that they are both the symbol and the evidence that we participated in something unique to ourselves. What is intriguing is that what is said about a person in the yearbook very likely will hold true throughout the person’s life. In writing social histories, set in my hometown, as well as in my present location, I continue to be astonished anew to find the descriptions of people I have known as fitting at the present time as they were when they were written in high school.

 
Further, other than scrapbooks and diaries, which are individually personal, yearbooks remain the best “snapshot” of a particular school year. These documents are a keen measure of who we are and who we were, where and when we were, and with whom we were. They are also very important in a sense larger than ourselves. They situate us in time and place in both mind and heart. 


Yearbooks are singular in that they are the record of a particular collection of young people who by happenstance are placed together. They tell the story of times spent in a hundred different ways in classes, clubs, music, sports, and simply common interests. They showcase clusters of people as well as individuals in their activities, recollecting the wins of a team or a band competition, as well as single accomplishments, such as breaking a record or being honored for a special milestone. Groups of friends are shown in poses with captions that suggest they will never, ever forget this particular moment with this particular set of friends.


The yearbook also serves as a larger social history. Nowhere else can one learn about traditions of a school community throughout the years, such as Class Day or Shelf Day, Senior Class Gifts to the school, or yearbook dedications, and sometimes class officers, team captains and the like. It also is often the best answer to questions such as one that recently was raised at Lower Dauphin High School, “Where did the Habbyshaw Award originate?” The answer partially was found in the 1937 Tatler (the yearbook of Hummelstown High School) which identified the Honorable Mr. William E. Habbyshaw as a member of the school board; further research revealed that in the 1930s he served as a Representative in the State General Assembly and that he had a nephew, his namesake, who also had been graduated from the school that pre-dated the newer Lower Dauphin.


Recently I was able to locate (thanks to the Curwensville Public Library) a copy of the very first yearbook from my own Alma Mater, Curwensville High School.  I had been seeking this for a number of years to add to my collection of yearbooks from 1922 to 1969, the years most relevant to my research interest. I had acquired all but three when I recently received an email that the library had received a large collection which included two of the three yearbooks I was missing, and one of those was my much-longed-for 1922 edition of The Echo. This first yearbook had been described in information I had as a “collection of material that had been in the school newspaper of that year” with a paper cover. I had expected to find broadsheets stapled together, if I were even lucky enough to ever acquire a copy, considering how few must have been printed with only 29 seniors in the graduating class. Imagine my delight to discover that this 1922 book looks like both the 1923 and 1924 publications, with a soft cover, in format quite like what most yearbooks of the time used.


It was this publication that confirmed a number of pieces of information I knew or had guessed about persons in my hometown, just as all of the other Echos had served as a resource of things I remembered or conversation I had heard between and among my mother, Kathryn Pifer, and her sisters. For example, Mother had said that she and Kathryn Kephart had been friends from the time they had started school; the 1922 Echo referred to these two freshmen as “the Kathryn twins!” Also for years I had retained a vague question about one of my elementary teachers about whom there was something unlikely/not common about her marriage. Because gossip was unknown in our household I never knew what it was about this married couple that was supposedly unusual. Today I solved the mystery. When this young woman was a senior the man who would become her husband was in sixth grade. Not scandalous by any means, but just a bit of information, the kind of which yearbooks often can solve. 


These early yearbooks also provided answers to the confusion I encountered in confirming years of graduation (in my early search before I had the [almost] complete set of Echos). It was fairly common for students to move back and forth between graduating classes, not necessarily remaining with the cohort with whom they began first grade. Even the graduation dates of my six aunts, whose birthdates I know and, therefore, thought I could assume their year of graduation, proved to be confounding. Evidently the number of credits determined one’s Class Year in any given year throughout high school. With this system more often than not the students moved ahead and were graduated “a year early.”


In tracing the history of high school yearbooks in the United States, the publication given recognition as the first high school yearbook, named “The Evergreen,” appeared in 1845 in Waterford, NY. However, it was not until the 1920s that yearbooks began to include school activities and teachers, covering more than just the graduating seniors. Sales campaigns began, in general, in 1925 in selling both the yearbooks as well as the advertising found therein (however, yearbooks in Curwensville had many ads beginning with the 1922 book).


Fifty years later, in the 1970s, yearbooks began to break tradition, using more creativity in layout, text, coverage, and themes. Video yearbooks made their appearance in 1980, the 1990s began displaying a stronger journalistic style, and by the new century CDs began to make inroads.


Usually each new yearbook staff spends a lot of time deciding on a theme which should direct the style and content of the book. Sometimes a historical event suggests—or commands—a compelling theme, other times a universally popular song or a movie or a television program suggests the zeitgeist of a class, and occasionally the personality of a particular class is so evident that it becomes the yearbook theme.


For example, “Passing the Torch,” as a tribute to John F. Kennedy, was the favorite theme for 1964 yearbooks throughout the nation, much as yearbooks in 1928 honored Charles A. Lindbergh. Yearbooks during World War II featured patriotism, classes of 1949 felt compelled to be “The 49ers,” in honor of the original gold rush of 1849; those in 1960 welcomed Alaska and Hawaii to statehood, yearbooks during the Bicentennial were destined to commemorate 1776, while the Lower Dauphin Class of 1987 believed “It’s a Jungle Out There,” and Lower Dauphin Class of 2010 was expected to make note of the high school’s Golden Anniversary.


A newer type of yearbook, called Lifepages is an online version of a print yearbook, and accompanies it rather than replaces it. It offers alumni the ability to do searches and communicate with one another. It also allows information to be updated as events occur. Its designer says his Lifepages is “a social network built around the present and the past, so memories are (online) for the rest of your life. …students can upload content, so the yearbook is something that grows and lives throughout the school year.” (http://blog.pennlive.com/midstate_impact/print.html?entry=/201. 4/15/2011.)

 
While yearbooks appear to be all the same, no two are alike. Styles of covers, layouts, and even what content is included changes from year to year, as there is no standard manual for producing a yearbook. It often comes as an unpleasant surprise to find that the yearbooks are not consistent in what is included, as any particular yearbook features what was important to its own class or its editorial staff. Most staffs don’t see the importance of being historians as well as artists, causing difficulty to later readers. This, however, is not a new lack. The Clarionette (Clarion, PA) of 1925 did not identify by name anyone in their yearbook, not even the graduating seniors.


Whether they admit it or not, people remember with uncanny accuracy how many times their picture appeared in the yearbook and exactly what was written under their senior picture. Years after graduation, chances are that what is said about a person in the yearbook still holds true. The book helps us remember both the best and the worse—or even the vicissitudes and ironies—of life in high school. 

 
Have you visited your own yearbook lately?

 

 

 

Friday, May 25, 2012

Memorial Day in a Small Town

During the summer life for most children in Curwensville was pleasantly routine and almost carefree with family picnics at Irvin Park, Elliot Park, and Parker Dam. The year Memorial Day fell on a Saturday there was no “day off” for those employed in Monday-to-Friday jobs. Our mother, like many others, was up early that Memorial Day morning (having boiled potatoes and eggs the previous evening) making potato salad, deviled eggs, and meat loaves, her specialties for every family picnic. Our Aunt Jean would prepare baked beans, a relish tray, and a basketful of sandwiches for the children; Aunt Josephine would bake her angel food and Lady Baltimore cakes; and Aunt Jessie, not prone to planning, would make whatever struck her fancy.

By ten-thirty Memorial Day morning our extended family—adults and children—would be sitting on our Grandmother Pifer’s porch, just as nearly every other family in Curwensville would be sitting on porches or standing on curbs, watching the parade from South Side along Susquehanna Avenue, up Filbert Street after crossing the Anderson Creek Bridge, turning left on State Street for a block, and then right on Thompson Street where we watched the marchers en route to the annual Memorial Day services at Oak Hill Cemetery. Every flag in town was hoisted this landmark Memorial Day and every home and business that could find bunting had it prominently draped. Similar scenes were played out across the United States.

Services were held in the small band shell on the side of the cemetery hill. Our father was marching with the Firemen’s Drill Team that would go on to win the state championship that year. Most parade watchers were solemn as they viewed the veterans pass by, followed by the boys in the Class of 1942 who had enlisted in the service and would be leaving a few days after their graduation. Everyone knew all of these boys from town and a hush fell over the crowd as these young men passed by, most uncomprehending what was in store for them.

Wednesday, April 11, 2012

Of Resumes, Vitae, and Newspeak

Resumes at one time were a reflection of an individual's style, personality,  rganization of information, and general use of the English language. Unfortunately with computer programs "making it easy," individuality has been lost. Corporations, businesses, and even educational institutions have placed everyone into boxes with no allowances for "thinking outside the box," if you will pardon the cliché.

I recently spent several hours in the program "Digital Measures," which does not provide clear direction and certainly doesn't permit any refinement or details. In a word, it is BORING. The individual must find the most basic choice of words rather than providing explanatory --- or PRECISE --- terms that provide the correct connotation. Thus, there is no way the reader or evaluator, as the case may be, can make a distinction between or among all the resumes that use the same terms in the same phrases.

A person less adept at writing can also use boilerplate terminology which can "score" higher than a precise term. Or the writer can open an electronic thesaurus and choose a word from a list, thinking that all of the words on the list mean exactly the same thing.  Careless writers do not know—or care--that each word choice has its own meaning or connotation and each has its own place depending on the message the writer wishes to convey.

Remember your junior high school English teacher circling your word "nice," and gently explaining that this term is too broad? What he/she was trying to tell you is that nuance—and the correct word--is needed in order for your meaning to be clear and precise. My fear is that if we continue to accept each of the words in a list of synonyms (or Thesaurus, as computer programs would have you believe) as meaning exactly the same thing, we will lose all nuance intended by our rich English vocabulary.  That, in turn, will lead to fewer words and less degree of meaning—exactly where Newspeak would take us.

I don't want a two-page resume from an applicant any more than I want a report replete with cliches and words such as "nice" that have no precise meaning. I want to read a resume as a reflection of the person, who he/she is, where he has been, and where she wants to go.

On the other hand, if someone wants to read my complete vita (curriculum vitae) or resume, then that person should be able to read it as I present it and not reduced to the number of characters LinkedIn and other social and business networks determine.

See next blog for my publications.  Full vita available on request from jtwitmer@aol.com

My Publications


Judith T. Witmer, Ed.D.

· Assistant Professor of Education, Behavioral Sciences and Education
· Director, Capital Area Institute for Mathematics and Science

Biography

Dr. Witmer received her Ed.D. at Temple University and completed Postdoctoral Studies at Harvard Law School. She has been a consultant for the Capital Area Institute for Mathematics and Science at Penn State Harrisburg since 2002.

Publications and Research

Books
  • Witmer, J.T. Loyal Hearts Proclaim: The First Fifty Years of LDHS Yesteryear Publishing, Expected date of publication, February 2013.
  • Witmer, J.T. , Editor. Hummelstown's 250th: Your Town, My Town, Our Town, Picture Perfect Productions, July 2012.
  • Witmer, J. T. Jebbie: Vamp to Victim), Yesteryear Publishing, December 2011.
  • Witmer, J. T.  All the Gentlemen Callers: Letters from a 1920s Steamer Trunk, a short companion sequel to Jebbie.Yesteryear Publishing, March 2012.
  • Witmer, J. T. Growing Up Silent in the 1950s: Not All Tail Fins and Rock ’n’ Roll. Yesteryear Publishing, expected date of publication, Fall 2012.
  • Witmer, J. T. and Melnick. S. A. Team-Based Professional Development: A Process for School Reform.Rowman & Littlefield, 2007.
  • Witmer, J. T.  Moving UpA Guide for Women in Educational Administration. second editionRowman & Littlefield, Lanham, MD, 2006.
  • Witmer, J. T. I Am From Haiti: The Story of Rodrigue Mortel, MD, A Biography, Mortel Foundation, December 2000.  (French edition, Je Suis D’Haiti, 2002.)
  • Witmer, J. T. The Keystone Integrated Framework: A Compendium. Pennsylvania Department of Education, 1997.
  • Witmer, J. T. and Melnick, S. A. The Keystone Integrated Framework, a Case Study in Curriculum Integration. Alexandria, VA: The Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, 1997.
  • Witmer, J. W. Moving Up! A Guide for Women in Educational Administration, first edition, Lancaster, PA: Technomic Press, 1995. 
  • Witmer, J. T. A Style Manual for Publications. Bureau of Special Education, Pennsylvania Department of Education, 1994.
  • Witmer, J. T. and Anderson, C. S. How to Establish a Service-Learning Program.  Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development (ASCD), 1994.

Chapters in Books
  • Witmer, J. T. “Outcome-Based Education,” Educational Innovations: An Agenda to Frame the Future (Charles A. Greenawalt, Editor).  Harrisburg, PA: The Commonwealth Foundation, 1993.  Also reprinted by the PA Department of Education for national dissemination.
  • Witmer, J. T. and Anderson, C. S. “Voices from the Field: The Administrator,” in Community Service-Learning(Rahima C. Wade, Editor). State University of New York Press, 1997.

Articles
  • Melnick, S.A., Witmer, J.T. & Strickland, M.J. (May 2011). Cognition and student learning through the arts.  Arts Education Policy Review; 112: 1-9.
  • Melnick, S. A.; Witmer, J. T.; and Strickland, M. J., "Cognition and Student Learning Through the Arts" (2008).Conference Proceedings 2008. Paper 2. 
  • Witmer, J. T. “The Ethics Committee: Compassionate Rationality.” Vital Signs, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA. V. 31, No. 11, May 2002.
  • Witmer, J. T. “Arts: The Essential Aspect of Human Knowing.” Impressions, Arts in Education Network, ASCD, April 2002.
  • Witmer, J. T. “New Directions in Health Ministry: A Retrospective of Pastoral Care Services.” Vital Signs, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA. V. 31, No. 8, February 2002.
  • Houts, P. S., Witmer, J. T., Egeth, H. E. et al “Using Pictographs to Enhance Recall of Spoken Medical Instructions II,” Patient Education and Counseling, V. 43, pp. 231-242, 2001.
  • Witmer, J. T. “Paul Kettl: Responding to American’s Fear—Madness, Medicine, and the Media.”  Lead story, Vital Signs, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA. V. 32, No. 4, October 2001.
  • Witmer, J. T. “Happy, Happy Birthday, Baby,” a Reminiscence of Baby Boomers. Reunions, Spring 2001.
  • Witmer, J. T.  “The Bellwether Consortium: Milton Hershey School’s Voice in AIE.” ARTS in Education. ASCD, Fall 1999.
  • Melnick, S. A. & Witmer, J. T. (April, 1999).  Team-based professional development: A new model for professional growth.  American Educational Research Association, April 22, 1999, Montreal, Canada. (ERIC Document No. ED439125).
  • Witmer, J. T. “The Measure of a Man.” Cover story in Penn State Medicine, November 1998.
  • Houts, P. S., Bachrach, R., Witmer, J. T. et al. “Using Pictographs to Enhance Recall of Spoken Medical Instructions.”  Patient Education and Counseling, V. 35, n. 2, 83-88, 1998.
  • Witmer, J. T. “What are These Keyboards Doing Here?”  PMEA News, Pennsylvania Music Educators Association, Fall 1997, pp. 26-27.
  • Witmer, J. T. “Change the Date of Band Camp?  You Must be Kidding!”  PMEA News, Pennsylvania Music Educators Association, May 1996, pp. 20-21.
  • Witmer, J. T. and Anderson, C. S. “Addressing School Board and Administrative Concerns About Service Learning.” Democracy and Education, Fall 1994.
  • Witmer, J. T. “Start With the Arts.”  The Executive Educator, April 1993, p. 40.
  • Witmer, J. T. “Mentoring: One District’s Success Story.” NASSP Bulletin, V. 77, n. 550, February 1993, pp. 71-78.
  • Witmer, J. T. “Teachers as Advisors.”  Executive Educator, V. 14, n. 5, pp. 41-42, May 1992.
  • Witmer, J. T. “To Soothe the Savage Breast.”  PennsylvaniaMusic Educators Association Journal, March 1992, p. 21.
  • Witmer, J. T. “The Tenure Trap.”  Executive Educator, V. 14, n. 1, January 1992, p. 48.
  • Witmer, J. T. “Integrity: ‘He Who Steals My Purse’.” In Other Voices: Expanding the Educational Conversation. Proceedings of the South Atlantic Philosophy of Education Society, Furman University, Greenville, South Carolina, October 4-5, 1991.
  • Witmer, J. T. “Mentoring as a Full Time Program: It Works!” Diversity in Mentoring, Mentoring International, July 1991.
  • Witmer, J. T. “The Case for Training Educational Administrators in Making Ethical Decisions,” in Landers, Thomas J., Editor. Education Leadership: German and American Perspectives.Papers from the International Conference on Educational Leadership, Cologne, West Germany, June 27-30, 1989.  Washington, DC: The International Council on Educational Leadership, pp. 177-193.

Plays Written and Produced
  • “The Disappearing Falcon,” produced by TB Ent, January 2012

Playscripts Written and Produced
  • “Time for Reflection and Excellence,” 1987
  • “Sunrise, Sunset,” 1986
  • “What Really Happened to the Class of 1965,” 1985
  • “1984: George Orwell’s Prophecy and Reality,” 1984
  • “The World Is Yours; Build, Therefore, Your Own World,” 1983
  • “Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow: A Retrospective of the 1970s, 1979
  • “Moments to Remember,” 1978
  • “The Way We Were,” 1977
  • “The World Turned Upside Down,” an American Bicentennial Pageant, 1976
  • “The Past is Only the Beginning,” 1974
  • “To Everything There is a Season,” 1971
  • “Awake! Arise! Decide!” 1970
  • “You Can’t Go Home Again,” 1969
  • “The Answer is Blowing in the Wind, 1968
  • “Nils mortalibus arduum est,” 1967

Choralogue (Speaking Choruses) Scripts Written and Produced
  • “Celebrate: A Song of Oneself,” 1981
  • “An Echo of the Past; A Herald of the Future
  • “…but around in awareness,” 1975
  • “Let There be Peace on Earth,” 1973
  • “E Pluribus Unum, 1972
  • “Nils mortalibus arduum est,” 1967

Booklets, manuals, newsletters, programs, more than 100 book reviews, broadsheets, and speeches for clients such as the president of Milton Hershey School and the director of the Cancer Center at Penn State Medical Center abound.

Sunday, April 8, 2012

High School Yearbooks

High School Yearbooks

The social history of high school life is found in yearbooks and it is said that no matter what you do to escape your past or your identity, someone can find you in your yearbook. Even though information in some yearbooks is sketchy, we all return to the publication, seeking clues to what we think we remember, because information about what we were like back then helps make us understandable to each other now.

Yearbooks are important in that they are both the symbol and the evidence that we participated in something unique to ourselves. What is intriguing is that what is said about a person in the yearbook very likely will hold true throughout the person’s life and, other than scrapbooks and diaries, which are individually personal, yearbooks remain the best “snapshot” of a particular school year. These documents are a keen measure of who we are and who we were, where and when we were, and with whom we were. They are also very important in a sense larger than ourselves. They situate us in time and place in both mind and heart. 

Yearbooks are singular in that they are the record of a particular collection of young people who by happenstance are placed together. They tell the story of times spent in a hundred different ways in classes, clubs, music, sports, and simply common interests. They showcase clusters of people as well as individuals in their activities, recollecting the wins of a team or a band competition, as well as single accomplishments, such as breaking a record or being honored for a special milestone. Groups of friends are shown in poses with captions that suggest they will never, ever forget this particular moment with this particular set of friends.

The yearbook also serves as a larger social history. Nowhere else can one learn about traditions of a school community throughout the years, such as Class Day or Shelf Day, Senior Class Gifts to the school, or yearbook dedications, and sometimes class officers, team captains and the like. It also is often the best answer to questions such as one that recently was raised at Lower Dauphin High School, “Where did the Habbyshaw Award originate?” The answer partially was found in the 1937 Tatler which identified the Honorable Mr. William E. Habbyshaw as a member of the school board; further research revealed that in the 1930s he served as a Representative in the State General Assembly and that he had a nephew, his namesake, who also had been graduated from the school that pre-dated the newer Lower Dauphin.

The publication given recognition as the first high school yearbook, called “The Evergreen,” appeared in 1845 in Waterford, NY. However, it was not until the 1920s that yearbooks began to include school activities and teachers, covering more than just the graduating seniors. Sales campaigns began in 1925 both in selling the yearbooks as well as the advertising found therein. Fifty years later, in the 1970s, yearbooks began to break tradition, using more creativity in layout, text, coverage, and themes. Video yearbooks made their appearance in 1980, the 1990s began displaying a stronger journalistic style, and by the new century CDs began to make inroads.

Usually each new yearbook staff spends a lot of time deciding on a theme which should direct the style and content of the book. Sometimes a historical event suggests—or commands—a compelling theme, other times a universally popular song or a movie or a television program suggests the zeitgeist of a class, and occasionally the personality of a particular class is so evident that it becomes the yearbook theme.

For example, “Passing the Torch,” as a tribute to John F. Kennedy, was the favorite theme for 1964 yearbooks throughout the nation, much as yearbooks in 1928 honored Charles A. Lindbergh. Yearbooks during World War II featured patriotism, classes of 1949 felt compelled to be “The 49ers,” in honor of the original gold rush of 1849; those in 1960 welcomed Alaska and Hawaii to statehood, yearbooks during the Bicentennial were destined to commemorate 1776, while the LD Class of 1987 believed “It’s a Jungle Out There, and Lower Dauphin Class of 2010 was expected to make note of the high school’s Golden Anniversary.

A newer type of yearbook, called Lifepages is an online version of a print yearbook, and accompanies it rather than replaces it. It offers alumni the ability to do searches and communicate with one another. It also allows information to be updated as events occur. Its designer says his Lifepages is “a social network built around the present and the past, so memories are (online) for the rest of your life. …students can upload content, so the yearbook is something that grows and lives throughout the school year.” (http://blog.pennlive.com/midstate_impact/print.html?entry=/201. 4/15/2011.)

While yearbooks appear to be all the same, no two are alike. Styles of covers, layouts, and even what content is included changes from year to year, as there is no standard manual for producing a yearbook. It often comes as an unpleasant surprise to find that the yearbooks are not consistent in what is included, as any particular yearbook features what was important to its own class or its editorial staff. Most staffs don’t see the importance of being historians as well as artists, causing difficulty to later readers.  This, however, is not a new lack. The Clarionette (Clarion, PA) of 1925 did not identify by name anyone in their yearbook, not even the graduating seniors.

Whether they admit it or not, people remember with uncanny accuracy how many times their picture appeared in the yearbook and exactly what was written under their senior picture. Years after graduation, chances are that what is said about a person in the yearbook still holds true. The book helps us remember both the best and the worse—or even the vicissitudes and ironies—of life in high school.